is a process that involves growing plants in a solution of nutrients almost completely free of soil. The nutrient solution is frequently circulated and monitored so that the proper composition is maintained.
It involves growing plants with very little water and no soil. It is a promising concept as it uses 90% less water than hydroponics and creates plants that are healthier and more nutritious. However, this process has not been studied as a technique used outside of space.
is similar to hydroponics but considered better because it incorporates fish into the process. The fish help circulate the water and create nutrients in the form of waste while the plants feed the fish and purify the water. This process maximizes efficiency and increases the production as the fish are also able to be sold.
Indoor farming boosts crop productivity by 4 to 30 times compared to traditional farming. A 30-story building on one city block could yield as much as a 2,400-acre farm, says Despommier.
Climate impacts traditional agriculture, but soil, water, and nutrients are also crucial. Weather changes could reduce farm productivity. Vertical farming removes uncertainty and creates ideal growing conditions.
Vertical farming reduces farmland needed, allowing natural land to return. This curbs deforestation and decreases farms' carbon footprint. Inside food production eliminates harmful farming practices like plowing and harvesting.
Vertical farming requires supplemental light, water, and soil, leading to higher energy consumption and cost compared to traditional farming. Elevator systems and temperature regulation are also necessary for crop growth.
Vertical farms have high energy needs, potentially increasing pollution. Greenhouses produce more CO2 and may leak gases. Keeping crops lit at night causes light pollution, harming health and ecosystems.